Subject: Central Bankers In A Hole ... That's Jackson Hole of Course ...

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                                                                                     Wednesday 30th August 2023

Central Bankers in A Hole ... That's Jackson Hole of Course
Hi Friend,

Jackson Hole Economic Symposium is the three-day annual international conference hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City at Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA. The event is attended by central bankers from around the world. Discussions and speeches are closely followed to divine clues for the likely direction of interest rates in the U.S. and globally.  It has been described by The New York Times as "the world's most exclusive economic get-together".

Why Jackson Hole?
The Kansas City Federal Reserve originated an annual conference in 1978. In the early years, the discussions focused on agriculture. Organizers had aspirations for a more high-profile event.

With a proposed focus on economics and monetary policy, the ambition was to lure Paul Volcker, then Chairman of the Federal Reserve to the event.
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Volcker was fond of fly fishing. "We need a place for our next symposium where people can fish for trout," said Tom Davis, head of economic research at the Kansas City Federal Reserve.
In 1982, Jackson Hole was chosen. Volcker took the bait. The venue became part of the annual calendar, the Fed event of the year. Volcker did reportedly raise questions about the distance. "He said, "How in the hell did we ever get to Jackson, Wyoming?"

In the early days, communication was also a challenge. To get a copy of the Wall Street Journal, allegedly, yesterday's edition was always the most up to date available. "If you want a copy of today's edition, you would have to come back tomorrow", the riposte. 

The most hotly anticipated event is the speech by the Fed chair. Scheduled for a Friday morning, the speech is often used as a chance for the central bank to send a signal about policy. 

This year's conference 2023 was focused on the presentation from Jerome Powell. Markets waited with bated breath and a finger on the buy sell button as the hour of the Fed Chair speech drew close. 

Fed Chairman Jerome Powell Kept His Jackson Hole Speech Vague. It was mostly a reiteration of what we already knew: The Fed would be proceeding cautiously. The economy might not be cooling as much as we previously thought. 

Powell didn’t commit to any particular way forward, leaving the door open to additional interest rate increases while declining to say what would be coming or when. His closing line, that the central bank would “keep at it until the job is done,” was included almost verbatim from the speech he delivered in the same setting a year ago.

We are navigating by the stars under cloudy skies ...
"We are navigating by the stars under cloudy skies. In such circumstances, risk-management considerations are critical. At upcoming meetings, we will assess our progress based on the totality of the data and the evolving outlook and risks. Based on this assessment, we will proceed carefully as we decide whether to tighten further or, instead, to hold the policy rate constant and await further data.

Restoring price stability is essential to achieving both sides of our dual mandate. We will keep at it until the job is done.

So there you have it. Let's hope the fishing was more conclusive. Our Friday Forward Guidance remains one of the best indicators of forward base rate trends ...

Christine Lagarde President of the European Central Bank - Conclusion

"There is no pre-existing playbook for the situation we are facing today,  so our task is to draw up a new one.

Policy making in an age of shifts and breaks requires an open mind and a willingness to adjust our analytical frameworks in real-time to new developments. At the same time, in this era of uncertainty, it is even more important that central banks provide a nominal anchor for the economy and ensure price stability in line with their respective mandates.

In the current environment, this mean, for the ECB, setting interest rates at sufficiently restrictive levels for as long as necessary to achieve a timely return of inflation to our 2% medium-term target.

Moving forward, we must remain clear in our objectives, flexible in our analysis and humble in how we communicate. As John Maynard Keynes once said, “the difficulty lies, not in the new ideas, but in escaping from the old ones”.

Ben Broadbent Deputy Governor for Monetary Policy, Bank of England - Conclusion

The experience of an open economy like the UK provides a stark illustration of the cost of a sudden contraction in the supply of traded goods. A contraction in the supply of traded goods, together with a tight labour market, is likely to have contributed to the sharp rise in domestic inflation and the consequent tightening of monetary policy.

Over time, the more recent decline in import prices will alleviate some of this pressure. But it’s unlikely that these “second-round” effects will unwind as rapidly as they emerged. As such, monetary policy may well have to remain in restrictive territory for some time yet.

So there you have it ...
No need to go to Jackson Hole. Our Friday Forward Guidance remains one of the best indicators of forward base rate trends. Higher rates for longer the guideline ... we still expect a further 25 basis point rise in September in the U.S., the U.K. and Europe. By then headline inflation may well be heading further and faster in the right direction.
Have a great week,

John
Want to friends and colleagues to know more ...
They too can stay up to date with our Friday Forward Guidance Features on Rates and our Monday Morning Markets updates on equities, bond yields, exchange rates, and commodity prices. Available on The Saturday Economist web site ...

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© 2023 John Ashcroft, Economics, Strategy and Financial Markets, experience worth sharing.
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